1. School of Business and Social Sciences (SBSS), Albukhary International University (AIU), Alor Setar 05200, Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia
2. Department of Doctoral Studies, Narxoz University, Almaty 050035, Kazakhstan
3. Department of Finance & Economics, College of Business Administration, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates