Detecting Turning Relationships and Time Restrictions of OSM Road Intersections from Crowdsourced Trajectories

Abstract

OpenStreetMap (OSM) road networks provide public digital maps underlying many spatial applications such as routing engines and navigation services. However, turning relationships and time restrictions at OSM intersections are lacking in these maps, posing a threat to the accuracy and reliability of the services. In this paper, a new turn information detection method for OSM intersections using the dynamic connection information from crowdsourced trajectory data is proposed to address this problem. In this solution, the OSM intersection structure is extracted and simplified and crowdsourced trajectories are projected onto OSM road segments using an improved Hidden Markov Model (HMM) map matching method that explicitly traces the turning connections in road networks. Optimal path analysis increases the turning support related to short road segments. On this basis, this study transforms complex turning identification scenarios into the simple analyses of traffic connectivity. Furthermore, a voting strategy is used to identify and calculate turning time restrictions. The experimental results, using trajectory data from three cities in China, show that the turning relationships can be detected at a precision of 90.71% with a recall of 96.55% and an F1-value of 93.54% in Shanghai. For Wuhan, the precision is 95.33% and the recall is 95.00%, with an F1-value of 95.16%. The precision and recall when identifying turning time restrictions both reach 90% in Xiamen. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed turning detection method.