A Retrospective Analysis of the De Ritis Ratio in Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer, with Focus on Tumor Response and Long-Term Survival in Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and in Chemo Naïve Cystectomy Patients—A Study of a Clinical Multicentre Database

Abstract

Background: A high pre-treatment De Ritis ratio, the aspartate transaminase/alanine aminotransferase ratio, has been suggested to be of prognostic value for mortality in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Our purpose was to evaluate if a high ratio was associated with mortality and downstaging. Methods: A total of 347 Swedish patients with clinically staged T2-T4aN0M0, with administered neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) or eligible for NAC and undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) 2009–2021, were retrospectively evaluated with a low ratio < 1.3 vs. high ratio > 1.3, by Log Rank test, Cox regression and Mann–Whitney U-test (MWU), SPSS 27. Results: Patients with a high ratio had a decrease of up to 3 years in disease-free survival (DFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) (p = 0.009, p = 0.004 and p = 0.009) and 5 years in CSS and OS (p = 0.019 and p = 0.046). A high ratio was associated with increased risk of mortality, highest in DFS (HR, 1.909; 95% CI, 1.265–2.880; p = 0.002). No significant relationship between downstaging and a high ratio existed (p = 0.564 MWU). Conclusion: A high pre-treatment De Ritis ratio is on a population level, associated with increased mortality post-RC in endpoints DFS, CSS and OS. Associations decrease over time and require further investigations to determine how strong the associations are as meaningful prognostic markers for long-term mortality in MIBC. The ratio is not suitable for downstaging-prediction.