Dietary Inflammatory Potential in Pediatric Diseases: A Narrative Review
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Published:2023-12-13
Issue:24
Volume:15
Page:5095
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ISSN:2072-6643
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Container-title:Nutrients
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Nutrients
Author:
Tosi Martina12ORCID, Montanari Chiara13ORCID, Bona Federica1, Tricella Chiara1, Agostinelli Marta1, Dolor Jonabell1ORCID, Chillemi Claudia1, Di Profio Elisabetta12ORCID, Tagi Veronica Maria12, Vizzuso Sara1ORCID, Fiore Giulia12ORCID, Zuccotti Gianvincenzo13ORCID, Verduci Elvira24ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy 2. Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy 3. Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy 4. Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy
Abstract
Inflammatory status is one of the main drivers in the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Specific unhealthy dietary patterns and the growing consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) may influence the inflammation process, which negatively modulates the gut microbiota and increases the risk of NCDs. Moreover, several chronic health conditions require special long-term dietary treatment, characterized by altered ratios of the intake of nutrients or by the consumption of disease-specific foods. In this narrative review, we aimed to collect the latest evidence on the pro-inflammatory potential of dietary patterns, foods, and nutrients in children affected by multifactorial diseases but also on the dietetic approaches used as treatment for specific diseases. Considering multifactorial diet-related diseases, the triggering effect of pro-inflammatory diets has been addressed for metabolic syndrome and inflammatory bowel diseases, and the latter for adults only. Future research is required on multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, and pediatric cancer, in which the role of inflammation is emerging. For diseases requiring special diets, the role of single or multiple foods, possibly associated with inflammation, was assessed, but more studies are needed. The evidence collected highlighted the need for health professionals to consider the entire dietary pattern, providing balanced and healthy diets not only to permit the metabolic control of the disease itself, but also to prevent the development of NCDs in adolescence and adulthood. Personalized nutritional approaches, in close collaboration between the hospital, country, and families, must always be promoted together with the development of new methods for the assessment of pro-inflammatory dietary habits in pediatric age and the implementation of telemedicine.
Funder
Department of Health Sciences of the University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Subject
Food Science,Nutrition and Dietetics
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