Rod-like Cellulose Regenerated by Bottom-Up Assembly in Natural Rubber Latex and Its Reinforcement

Author:

Yuan Haoze1,Li Peixing1,Wang Xinyu1,Zhao Hongying2,Sun Jutao1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China

2. Sino-German College of Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China

Abstract

As a renewable biomass material, nano-cellulose has been investigated as a reinforcing filler in rubber composites but has seen little success because of its strong inclination towards aggregating. Here, a bottom-up self-assembly approach was proposed by regenerating cellulose crystals from a mixture of cellulose solution and natural rubber (NR) latex. Different co-coagulants of both cellulose solution and natural rubber latex were added to break the dissolution equilibrium and in-situ regenerate cellulose in the NR matrix. The SEM images showed that the sizes and morphologies of regenerated cellulose (RC) varied greatly with the addition of different co-coagulants. Only when a 5 wt% acetic acid aqueous solution was used, the RC particles showed an ideal rod-like structure with small sizes of about 100 nm in diameter and 1.0 μm in length. The tensile test showed that rod-like RC (RRC)-endowed NR vulcanizates with pronounced reinforcement had a drastic upturn in stress after stretching to 200% strain. The results of XRD and the Mullins effect showed that this drastic upturn in stress was mainly attributed to the formation of rigid RRC-RRC networks during stretching instead of the strain-induced crystallization of NR. This bottom-up approach provided a simple way to ensure the effective utilization of cellulosic materials in the rubber industry.

Funder

Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis

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