1. Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8666, Japan
2. Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
3. Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
4. Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Anti-Glycation Research Section, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8666, Japan
5. Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
6. TMS Co., Ltd., KeioFuchu1chome Bldg. 11F, 1-9 Fuchucho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-0055, Japan
7. Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
8. Department of Chemistry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan