HSV-1 Infection of Epithelial Dendritic Cells Is a Critical Strategy for Interfering with Antiviral Immunity

Author:

Gao Yang,Cheng Jishuai,Xu Xingli,Li Xueqi,Zhang JingjingORCID,Ma Danjing,Jiang Guorun,Liao Yun,Fan Shengtao,Niu Zhenye,Yue Rong,Chang Penglan,Zeng Fengyuan,Duan Suqin,Meng Ziyan,Xu Xiangxiong,Li Xinghang,Li Dandan,Yu Li,Ping Lifen,Zhao Heng,Guo Mingtian,Wang Lichun,Wang Yafang,Zhang Ying,Li Qihan

Abstract

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), an α subgroup member of the human herpesvirus family, infects cells via the binding of its various envelope glycoproteins to cellular membrane receptors, one of which is herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM), expressed on dendritic cells. Here, HVEM gene-deficient mice were used to investigate the immunologic effect elicited by the HSV-1 infection of dendritic cells. Dendritic cells expressing the surface marker CD11c showed an abnormal biological phenotype, including the altered transcription of various immune signaling molecules and inflammatory factors associated with innate immunity after viral replication. Furthermore, the viral infection of dendritic cells interfered with dendritic cell function in the lymph nodes, where these cells normally play roles in activating the T-cell response. Additionally, the mild clinicopathological manifestations observed during the acute phase of HSV-1 infection were associated with viral replication in dendritic cells.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

People's Government of Yunnan Province

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Virology,Infectious Diseases

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