Encapsulation of Iron-Saturated Lactoferrin for Proteolysis Protection with Preserving Iron Coordination and Sustained Release
-
Published:2023-09-08
Issue:18
Volume:13
Page:2524
-
ISSN:2079-4991
-
Container-title:Nanomaterials
-
language:en
-
Short-container-title:Nanomaterials
Author:
Gajda-Morszewski Przemysław12ORCID, Poznańska Anna1ORCID, Yus Cristina34ORCID, Arruebo Manuel34ORCID, Brindell Małgorzata1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland 2. Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Prof. St. Łojasiewicza St 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland 3. Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain 4. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Zaragoza, Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, C/Poeta Mariano Esquillor S/N, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf) is a globular glycoprotein found mainly in milk. It has a very high affinity for iron(III) ions, and its fully saturated form is called holoLf. The antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, and immunomodulatory properties of Lf have been studied extensively for the past two decades. However, to demonstrate therapeutic benefits, Lf has to be efficiently delivered to the intestinal tract in its structurally intact form. This work aimed to optimize the encapsulation of holoLf in a system based on the versatile Eudragit® RS polymer to protect Lf against the proteolytic environment of the stomach. Microparticles (MPs) with entrapped holoLf were obtained with satisfactory entrapment efficiency (90–95%), high loading capacity (9.7%), and suitable morphology (spherical without cracks or pores). Detailed studies of the Lf release from the MPs under conditions that included simulated gastric or intestinal fluids, prepared according to the 10th edition of the European Pharmacopeia, showed that MPs partially protected holoLf against enzymatic digestion and ionic iron release. The preincubation of MPs loaded with holoLf under conditions simulating the stomach environment resulted in the release of 40% of Lf from the MPs. The protein released was saturated with iron ions at 33%, was structurally intact, and its iron scavenging properties were preserved.
Funder
the National Science Center in Poland the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation
Subject
General Materials Science,General Chemical Engineering
Reference58 articles.
1. Multifunctional capacity and therapeutic potential of lactoferrin;Ruiz;Life Sci.,2018 2. Kowalczyk, P., Kaczyńska, K., Kleczkowska, P., Bukowska-Ośko, I., Kramkowski, K., and Sulejczak, D. (2022). The Lactoferrin Phenomenon—A Miracle Molecule. Molecules, 27. 3. Drago-Serrano, M.E., Campos-Rodríguez, R., Carrero, J.C., and Delagarza, M. (2017). Lactoferrin: Balancing ups and downs of inflammation due to microbial infections. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 18. 4. Rosa, L., Cutone, A., Lepanto, M., Paesano, R., and Valenti, P. (2017). Lactoferrin: A Natural Glycoprotein Involved in Iron and Inflammatory Homeostasis. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 18. 5. Ashraf, M.F., Zubair, D., Bashir, M.N., Alagawany, M., Ahmed, S., Shah, Q.A., Buzdar, J.A., and Arain, M.A. (2023). Nutraceutical and Health-Promoting Potential of Lactoferrin, an Iron-Binding Protein in Human and Animal: Current Knowledge. Biol. Trace Elem. Res., 1–17.
|
|