Mechanism of Single-Cycle THz Pulse Generation and X-ray Emission: Water-Flow Irradiated by Two Ultra-Short Laser Pulses

Author:

Huang Hsin-Hui123ORCID,Juodkazis Saulius124ORCID,Gamaly Eugene G.5ORCID,Tikhonchuk Vladimir T.67ORCID,Hatanaka Koji389ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Optical Sciences Centre, School of Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia

2. ARC Training Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), School of Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia

3. Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan

4. WRH Program International Research Frontiers Initiative (IRFI), Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan

5. Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia

6. Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, University of Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Liberation, 33405 Talence, France

7. Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, ELI Beamlines Facility, Za Radnicic 835, 25241 Dolní Břežany, Czech Republic

8. Research Administration Office, Organization for Research Strategy and Development, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan

9. Center for Optical Research and Education (CORE), Utsunomiya University, Tochigi 321-8585, Japan

Abstract

The interaction of two subsequent ultra-short sub-milli-Joule laser pulses with a thin water flow results in an emission of a strong single-cycle THz pulse associated with enhanced soft X-ray emission. In this paper, a chain of processes produced in this interaction is analyzed and compared with other THz generation studies. It is demonstrated that the enhanced THz and X-ray emissions are produced by an energetic electron beam accelerated in the interaction of a main laser pulse with liquid water ejected from the surface by the pre-pulse. This scheme thus provides an efficient laser energy conversion in a THz pulse, avoiding laser self-focusing and filamentation in air.

Funder

ARC Linkage

National Science and Technology Council of Taiwan

Cooperative Research Program of “Network Joint Research Center for Materials and Devices“

Collaborative Research Projects of Laboratory for Materials and Structures, Institute of Innovative Research

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Materials Science,General Chemical Engineering

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