Unveiling the Broad Substrate Specificity of Deoxynivalenol Oxidation Enzyme DepA and Its Role in Detoxifying Trichothecene Mycotoxins

Author:

Zhu Yan1,Chan Edicon Tze Shun1,Abraham Nadine1,Li Xiu-Zhen1,Wang Weijun1ORCID,Mats Lili1,Zhu Honghui1,Carere Jason1,Zhou Ting1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada

Abstract

DepA, a pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent enzyme isolated from Devosia mutans 17-2-E-8, exhibits versatility in oxidizing deoxynivalenol (DON) and its derivatives. This study explored DepA’s substrate specificity and enzyme kinetics, focusing on DON and 15-acetyl-DON. Besides efficiently oxidizing DON, DepA also transforms 15-acetyl-DON into 15-acetyl-3-keto-DON, as identified via LC-MS/MS and NMR analysis. The kinetic parameters, including the maximum reaction rate, turnover number, and catalytic efficiency, were thoroughly evaluated. DepA-PQQ complex docking was deployed to rationalize the substrate specificity of DepA. This study further delves into the reduced toxicity of the transformation products, as demonstrated via enzyme homology modeling and in silico docking analysis with yeast 80S ribosomes, indicating a potential decrease in toxicity due to lower binding affinity. Utilizing the response surface methodology and central composite rotational design, mathematical models were developed to elucidate the relationship between the enzyme and cofactor concentrations, guiding the future development of detoxification systems for liquid feeds and grain processing. This comprehensive analysis underscores DepA’s potential for use in mycotoxin detoxification, offering insights for future applications.

Funder

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada and the Grain Farmers of Ontario

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference27 articles.

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2. Health Canada (2023, October 18). Health Canada’s Maximum Levels for Chemical Contaminants in Foods. Available online: https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/food-nutrition/food-safety/chemical-contaminants/maximum-levels-chemical-contaminants-foods.html#a4.

3. OMAFRA (2023, October 18). 2022 Ontario Grain Corn Ear Mould and Deoxynivalenol (DON) Mycotoxin Survey. Available online: https://fieldcropnews.com/2022/10/2022-ontario-grain-corn-ear-mould-and-deoxynivalenol-don-mycotoxin-survey/.

4. Zhu, Y., Hassan, Y.I., Lepp, D., Shao, S., and Zhou, T. (2017). Strategies and Methodologies for Developing Microbial Detoxification Systems to Mitigate Mycotoxins. Toxins, 9.

5. The enzymatic detoxification of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol: Identification of DepA from the DON epimerization pathway;Carere;Microb. Biotechnol.,2017

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