Convective Heat and Mass Transfer in Third-Grade Fluid with Darcy–Forchheimer Relation in the Presence of Thermal-Diffusion and Diffusion-Thermo Effects over an Exponentially Inclined Stretching Sheet Surrounded by a Porous Medium: A CFD Study

Abstract

The current study aims to investigate the thermal-diffusion and diffusion-thermo effects on heat and mass transfer in third-grade fluid with Darcy–Forchheimer relation impact over an exponentially inclined stretching sheet embedded in a porous medium. The proposed mechanism in terms non-linear and coupled partial differential equations is reduced to set of ordinary differential equations by employing an appropriate similarity variable formulation. The reduced form of equations is solved by using the MATLAB built-in numerical solver bvp4c. The numerical results for unknown physical properties such as velocity profile, temperature field, and mass concentration along with their gradients such as the skin friction, the rate of heat transfer, and the rate of mass transfer at angle of inclination α=π/6 are obtained under the impact of material parameters that appear in the flow model. The solutions are displayed in forms of graphs as well as tables and are discussed with physical reasoning. From the demonstration of the graphical results, it is inferred that thermal-diffusion parameter Sr velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are augmented. For the increasing magnitude of the diffusion-thermo parameter Df the fluid velocity and fluid temperature rise but the opposite trend in mass concentration is noted. The current results are compared with the available results in the existing literature, and there is good agreement between them that shows the validation of the present study.