Virtual Reality-Induced Modification of Vestibulo–Ocular Reflex Gain in Posturography Tests

Abstract

Background: The aim of the study was to demonstrate the influence of virtual reality (VR) exposure on postural stability and determine the mechanism of this influence. Methods: Twenty-six male participants aged 21–23 years were included, who underwent postural stability assessment twice before and after a few minute of single VR exposure. The VR projection was a computer-generated simulation of the surrounding scenery. Postural stability was assessed using the Sensory Organization Test (SOT), using Computerized Dynamic Posturography (CDP). Results: The findings indicated that VR exposure affects the visual and vestibular systems. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in results before and after VR exposure were observed in tests on an unstable surface. It was confirmed that VR exposure has a positive influence on postural stability, attributed to an increase in the sensory weight of the vestibular system. Partial evidence suggested that the reduction in vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) reinforcement may result in an adaptive shift to the optokinetic reflex (OKR). Conclusions: By modifying the process of environmental perception through artificial sensory simulation, the influence of VR on postural stability has been demonstrated. The validity of this type of research is determined by the effectiveness of VR techniques in the field of vestibular rehabilitation.