Exploring the Dunes: The Correlations between Vegetation Cover Pattern and Morphology for Sediment Retention Assessment Using Airborne Multisensor Acquisition

Abstract

Coastal sand dunes are highly dynamic aeolian landforms where different spatial patterns can be observed due to the complex interactions and relationships between landforms and land cover. Sediment distribution related to vegetation types is explored here on a single ridge dune system by using an airborne hyperspectral and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) remote sensing dataset. A correlation model is applied to describe the continuum of dune cover typologies, determine the class metrics from landscape ecology and the morphology parameters, and extract the relationship intensity among them. As a main result, the mixture of different vegetation types such as herbaceous, shrubs, and trees classes shows to be a key element for the sediment distribution pattern and a proxy for dune sediment retention capacity, and the anthropic fingerprints can play an even major role influencing both ecological and morphological features. The novelty of the approach is mostly based on the synergistic use of LiDAR with hyperspectral that allowed (i) the benefit from already existing processing methods to simplify the way to obtain thematic maps and coastal metrics and (ii) an improved detection of natural and anthropic landscape.