Do Poor Diet and Lifestyle Behaviors Modify the Genetic Susceptibility to Impulsivity in the General Population?

Author:

Xie Tian12ORCID,Schweren Lizanne J. S.1ORCID,Larsson Henrik34,Li Lin4ORCID,Du Rietz Ebba4,Haavik Jan56ORCID,Grimstvedt Kvalvik Liv7ORCID,Solberg Berit Skretting58,Klungsøyr Kari79,Snieder Harold2ORCID,Hartman Catharina A.1

Affiliation:

1. Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands

2. Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands

3. School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 70172 Örebro, Sweden

4. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden

5. Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway

6. Bergen Center for Brain Plasticity, Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, 5012 Bergen, Norway

7. Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway

8. Child- and Adolescent Psychiatric Outpatient Unit, Hospital Betanien, 5143 Bergen, Norway

9. Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 5015 Bergen, Norway

Abstract

The present study investigated whether an unhealthy diet and other lifestyle behaviors may modify the genetic susceptibility to impulsivity. A total of 33,047 participants (mean age = 42.1 years, 59.8% females) from the Dutch Lifelines cohort were included. Each diet index and other lifestyle behaviors were tested for their interactions on the effect on the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) polygenic risk score (PRS) on impulsivity using a linear regression model with adjustment for covariates. The ADHD PRS was significantly associated with impulsivity (B = 0.03 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.04); p = 2.61 × 10−9). A poorer diet, a higher intake of energy, and a higher intake of fat were all associated with higher impulsivity, and a high intake of energy amplified the effect of ADHD PRS on impulsivity (e.g., for the interaction term of ADHD PRS and highest tertile on intake of energy, B = 0.038 (95% CI: 0.014, 0.062); p = 0.002. The other lifestyle factors, namely short and long sleep duration, current and past smoking, higher alcohol intake, and more time spent on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity were associated with higher impulsivity, but no interaction effect was observed. In conclusion, we found that a high intake of energy exacerbated the genetic susceptibility to impulsivity. Our study helps to improve our understanding of the role of diet and genetic factors on impulsivity.

Funder

European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program

Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport

the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs

the University Medical Center Groningen

University of Groningen

the Northern Provinces of the Netherlands

UMCG Genetics Lifelines Initiative

NWO

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Food Science,Nutrition and Dietetics

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3