Conventional Biophotonic Sensing Approach for Sensing and Detection of Normal and Infected Samples Containing Different Blood Components

Abstract

The present research work focused on the biosensing capabilities of one-dimensional (1D) defected photonic crystal (PC). This proposed structure is capable of simultaneously discriminating between normal and infected samples containing the platelet, plasma, and hemoglobin components of blood. The proposed biosensor was designed by creating a defect layer D of air in the middle of 1D PC (PQ)N to form modified 1D PC with a defect as (PQ)N/2D(PQ)N/2. The period number (N) of 1D PC (PQ)N was chosen to be 10. The cavity region of air was used to investigate only one of the five samples, at each time, that are part of this study. The theoretical findings of the proposed work were obtained using the well-known transfer matrix method in addition to MATLAB software. The results were computed corresponding to defect layer thicknesses of 200 and 700 nm under normal incidence to overcome the difficulties associated under oblique incidence corresponding to TE and TM polarized waves. We examined the performance of the proposed design by calculating the sensitivity, figure of merit, and quality factor values of the biophotonic sensor loaded with different samples. It was found that the sensitivity of our design reaches to a maximum of 428.6 nm/RIU corresponding to the defect layer thickness of 700 nm, when the cavity is loaded with an infected blood sample containing plasma only. This study successfully simultaneously examined the normal and infected blood samples containing the platelet, plasma, and hemoglobin components of blood.