bmp-2 Gene-Transferred Skeletal Muscles with Needle-Type Electrodes as Efficient and Reliable Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration

Author:

Kawai Mariko Yamamoto12ORCID,Yoshida Takeshi2ORCID,Kato Tomoki2,Watanabe Takuma2,Kashiwagi Marina2,Yamanaka Shigeki2,Yamamoto Hiromitsu2,Nagahiro Shigeki3,Iwamoto Tsutomu3,Masud Khan4,Aoki Kazuhiro4,Ohura Kiyoshi56,Nakao Kazumasa2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Welfare, Kansai Women’s College, Osaka 582-0026, Japan

2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan

3. Department of Pediatric Dentistry/Special Needs Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan

4. Department of Basic Oral Health Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan

5. Department of Nursing, Taisei Gakuin University, Osaka 587-8555, Japan

6. Graduate School, Division of Dental Research, Osaka Dental University, Osaka 573-1121, Japan

Abstract

Background: Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (bmp-2) has a high potential to induce bone tissue formation in skeletal muscles. We developed a bone induction system in skeletal muscles using the bmp-2 gene through in vivo electroporation. Natural bone tissues with skeletal muscles can be considered potential candidates for biomaterials. However, our previous system using plate-type electrodes did not achieve a 100% success rate in inducing bone tissues in skeletal muscles. In this study, we aimed to enhance the efficiency of bone tissue formation in skeletal muscles by using a non-viral bmp-2 gene expression plasmid vector (pCAGGS-bmp-2) and needle-type electrodes. Methods: We injected the bmp-2 gene with pCAGGS-bmp-2 into the skeletal muscles of rats’ legs and immediately placed needle-type electrodes there. Skeletal tissues were then observed on the 21st day after gene transfer using soft X-ray and histological analyses. Results: The use of needle-type electrodes resulted in a 100% success rate in inducing bone tissues in skeletal muscles. In contrast, the plate-type electrodes only exhibited a 33% success rate. Thus, needle-type electrodes can be more efficient and reliable for transferring the bmp-2 gene to skeletal muscles, making them potential biomaterials for repairing bone defects.

Funder

Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

Publisher

MDPI AG

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