Peculiarities of Fatigue Crack Growth in Steel 17H1S after Long-Term Operations on a Gas Pipeline

Abstract

This work presents the results of metallographic studies and the tensile, impact, and fatigue crack growth (FCG) resistance tests of 17H1S main gas pipeline steel in the as-received (AR) state and after a long-term operation (LTO). A significant number of non-metallic inclusions forming chains stretched along the direction of pipe rolling were found in the microstructure of the LTO steel. The lowest values of elongation at break and impact toughness of the steel were determined for the lower part of the pipe close to its inner surface. FCG tests at a low stress ratio (R = 0.1) did not reveal a significant change in its growth rate in degraded 17H1S steel compared to steel in the AR state. During tests at a stress ratio R = 0.5, the effect of degradation was more pronounced. The Paris’ law region of the da/dN—∆K diagram for the LTO steel corresponding to the lower part of the pipe close to its inner surface was higher than those for the steel in the AR state and the LTO steel corresponding to the higher part of the pipe. Fractographically, a significant number of delaminations of non-metallic inclusions from the matrix were recognized. Their role in the embrittlement of steel, especially steel from the lower part of the pipe close to its inner surface, was noted.