Enhancing Ensemble Learning Using Explainable CNN for Spoof Fingerprints

Author:

Reza Naim1ORCID,Jung Ho Yub1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Computer Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea

Abstract

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have demonstrated remarkable success with great accuracy in classification problems. However, the lack of interpretability of the predictions made by neural networks has raised concerns about the reliability and robustness of CNN-based systems that use a limited amount of training data. In such cases, the utilization of ensemble learning using multiple CNNs has demonstrated the capability to improve the robustness of a network, but the robustness can often have a trade-off with accuracy. In this paper, we propose a novel training method that utilizes a Class Activation Map (CAM) to identify the fingerprint regions that influenced previously trained networks to attain their predictions. The identified regions are concealed during the training of networks with the same architectures, thus enabling the new networks to achieve the same objective from different regions. The resultant networks are then ensembled to ensure that the majority of the fingerprint features are taken into account during classification, resulting in significant enhancement of classification accuracy and robustness across multiple sensors in a consistent and reliable manner. The proposed method is evaluated on LivDet datasets and is able to achieve state-of-the-art accuracy.

Funder

National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government

Chosun University

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Biochemistry,Instrumentation,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics,Analytical Chemistry

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