Characteristics of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Constructed Wetlands Vegetated with Myriophyllum aquatic: The Effects of Influent C/N Ratio and Microbial Responses
Author:
Wang Biaoyi12, Li Hongfang3, Du Xiaonan24, Cai Yixiang24, Peng Jianwei1, Zhang Shunan24, Liu Feng124
Affiliation:
1. College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China 2. Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China 3. Institute of Natural Resources Monitoring and Comprehensive Land Improvement of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450016, China 4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
Abstract
This study designed surface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs) with Myriophyllum aquaticum (M. aquaticum) to evaluate how different influent C/N ratios (0:1 (C0N), 5:1 (C5N), 10:1 (C10N), and 15:1 (C15N)) affect pollutant removal, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and microbial communities. The results showed that effluent ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N), and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations decreased, but effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration increased with increasing influent C/N ratios. The highest removal rates of TN (73.17%) and COD (74.56%) were observed with C5N. Regarding GHG emissions, a few changes in CO2 fluxes were caused by the influent C/N ratio, whereas CH4 fluxes obviously increased with the increasing influent C/N ratio. The highest N2O emission occurred with C0N (211.03 ± 44.38 mg-N·m−2·h−1), decreasing significantly with higher C/N ratios. High-throughput sequencing revealed that different influent C/N ratios directly influenced the microbial distribution and composition related to CH4 and N2O metabolism in SFCWs. The highest abundance (46.24%) of denitrifying bacteria (DNB) was observed with C5N, which helped to achieve efficient nitrogen removal with a simultaneous reduction in N2O emissions. Methanogen abundance rose with higher C/N ratios, whereas methanotrophs peaked under C5N and C10N conditions. Additionally, the random forest model identified influent C/N ratio and Rhodopseudomonas as primary factors influencing CH4 and N2O emissions, respectively. This highlights the importance of the influent C/N ratio in regulating both pollutant removal and GHG emissions in constructed wetlands.
Funder
Guangxi Key Research and Development Program National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Subject
Water Science and Technology,Aquatic Science,Geography, Planning and Development,Biochemistry
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