ß-Adrenoreceptors in Human Cancers
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Published:2023-02-12
Issue:4
Volume:24
Page:3671
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ISSN:1422-0067
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Container-title:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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language:en
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Short-container-title:IJMS
Author:
Kraboth Zoltan12, Kalman Bernadette23ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pécs, 12. Sziget Street, 7624 Pécs, Hungary 2. Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, 20. Ifjusag Street, 7624 Pécs, Hungary 3. Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pécs, 13. Ifjusag Street, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of death and represents a significant economic burden worldwide. The numbers are constantly growing as a result of increasing life expectancy, toxic environmental factors, and adoption of Western lifestyle. Among lifestyle factors, stress and the related signaling pathways have recently been implicated in the development of tumors. Here we present some epidemiological and preclinical data concerning stress-related activation of the ß-adrenoreceptors (ß-ARs), which contributes to the formation, sequential transformation, and migration of different tumor cell types. We focused our survey on research results for breast and lung cancer, melanoma, and gliomas published in the past five years. Based on the converging evidence, we present a conceptual framework of how cancer cells hijack a physiological mechanism involving ß-ARs toward a positive modulation of their own survival. In addition, we also highlight the potential contribution of ß-AR activation to tumorigenesis and metastasis formation. Finally, we outline the antitumor effects of targeting the ß-adrenergic signaling pathways, methods for which primarily include repurposed ß-blocker drugs. However, we also call attention to the emerging (though as yet largely explorative) method of chemogenetics, which has a great potential in suppressing tumor growth either by selectively modulating neuronal cell groups involved in stress responses affecting cancer cells or by directly manipulating specific (e.g., the ß-AR) receptors on a tumor and its microenvironment.
Funder
Hungarian state funds National Research, Development and Innovation Fund of Hungary financed under the Thematic Excellence Program University of Pecs
Subject
Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis
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