Computer Modeling for Single-Screw Extrusion of Wood–Plastic Composites

Abstract

Experimental and theoretical studies have been performed on the single-screw extrusion of wood–plastics composites. Experimental research has been carried out on the flow and melting of polypropylene (PP)-based composites with different wood flour (WF) content in the single-screw extruder. Based on these experimental observations, elementary models of the process phenomena have been proposed and a global model of the process has been developed. This global computer model includes the models of solid conveying, melting dependent on the wood flour content, melt flow in the screw, and melt flow in the die. 3-D non-Newtonian finite element method (FEM) screw pumping characteristics have been applied to model the melt flow in the metering section of the screw. The model predicts the extrusion output, pressure and temperature profiles, melting profile, and power consumption. The model has been validated experimentally. An effect of material slip on the extruder operation has been discussed including both slipping in the screw/barrel surfaces and in the extruding die.