Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a large viral family that can evolve rapidly emerging new strains that cause outbreaks and life-loss, including SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). CoVs encode a diverse number of proteins, ranging from 5 proteins in bat CoV, to 14 in SARS CoV, which could have implication on viral tropism and pathogenicity. Here, we highlight the functional protein motifs (domains) that could contribute in the coronavirus infection and severity, including SARS-CoV-2. For this role, we used the experimentally validated domain (motif) datasets that are known to be crucial for viral infection. Then, we highlight the potential molecular pathways and interactions of SARS-CoV-2 proteins within human cells. Interestingly, the C-terminal of SARS-CoV-2 nsp1 protein encodes MREL motif, which a signature motif of the tubulin superfamily, and regulate tubulin expression. The C-terminal region of nsp1 protein can bind to ribosome and regulation viral RNA translation.
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1. Virus-Induced Membrane Fusion in Neurodegenerative Disorders;Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology;2022-03-24