Generic Reporter Sets for Colorimetric Multiplex dPCR Demonstrated with 6-Plex SNP Quantification Panels

Abstract

Digital PCR (dPCR) is a powerful method for highly sensitive and precise quantification of nucleic acids. However, designing and optimizing new multiplex dPCR assays using target sequence specific probes remains cumbersome, since fluorescent signals must be optimized for every new target panel. As a solution, we established a generic fluorogenic 6-plex reporter set, based on mediator probe technology, that decouples target detection from signal generation. This generic reporter set is compatible with different target panels and thus provides already optimized fluorescence signals from the start of new assay development. Generic reporters showed high population separability in a colorimetric 6-plex mediator probe dPCR, due to their tailored fluorophore and quencher selection. These reporters were further tested using different KRAS, NRAS and BRAF single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), which are frequent point mutation targets in liquid biopsy. We specifically quantified SNP targets in our multiplex approach down to 0.4 copies per microliter (cp/µL) reaction mix, equaling 10 copies per reaction, on a wild-type background of 400 cp/µL for each, equaling 0.1% variant allele frequencies. We also demonstrated the design of an alternative generic reporter set from scratch in order to give detailed step-by-step guidance on how to systematically establish and optimize novel generic reporter sets. Those generic reporter sets can be customized for various digital PCR platforms or target panels with different degrees of multiplexing.