Suaeda salsa NRT1.1 Is Involved in the Regulation of Tolerance to Salt Stress in Transgenic Arabidopsis

Abstract

Like other abiotic stresses, salt stress has become a major factor that restricts the growth, distribution and yield of crops. Research has shown that increasing the nitrogen content in soil can improve the salt tolerance of plants and nitrate transporter (NRT) is the primary nitrogen transporter in plants. Suaeda salsa (L.) Pall is a strong halophyte that can grow normally at a salt concentration of 200 mM. The salt stress transcriptome database of S. salsa was found to contain four putative genes that were homologous to NRT, including SsNRT1.1A, SsNRT1.1B, SsNRT1.1C and SsNRT1.1D. The cDNA of SsNRT1.1s was predicted to contain open reading frames of 1791, 1782, 1755 and 1746 bp, respectively. Sequence alignment and structural analysis showed that the SsNRT1.1 amino acids were inducible by salt and have conserved MFS and PTR2 domains. Subcellular localization showed they are on the endoplasmic reticulum. Overexpression of SsNRT1.1 genes in transgenic Arabidopsis improves its salt tolerance and SsNRT1.1C was more effective than others. We constructed a salt-stressed yeast cDNA library and used yeast two-hybrid and BiFC technology to find out that SsHINT1 and SsNRT1.1C have a protein interaction relationship. Overexpression of SsHINT1 in transgenic Arabidopsis also improves salt tolerance and the expressions of Na+ and K+ were increased and reduced, respectively. But the K+/Liratio was up-regulated 11.1-fold compared with the wild type. Thus, these results provide evidence that SsNRT1.1C through protein interactions with SsHINT1 increases the K+/Na+ ratio to improve salt tolerance and this signaling may be controlled by the salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathway.