Design of State Feedback Current Controller for Fast Synchronization of DFIG in Wind Power Generation Systems

Abstract

Doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) are widely used in wind energy conversion systems. The dynamic features of DFIGs make it important to focus on designing high-performance control schemes. However, the dynamic characteristics of such generators depend on nonlinear parameters, such as stator flux, stator current, and rotor current, which increase the overall system complexity. In addition, the DFIG Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECSs) size is growing beyond 7 MW, which increases stress on both the mechanical drive train and the power circuits during connection to the grid. Such stress and dynamic features cannot be neglected. Therefore, robust controllers must be implemented which have the ability to support the dynamic frequencies of wind energy to ensure system stability in grid connection mode and during subsequent use. Conventional vector control configurations that use proportional-integral controllers have various drawbacks, such as parameter tuning difficulties, mediocre dynamic performance, and reduced robustness. In this study, we focused on improving DFIG synchronization to the grid by applying state feedback current controllers with a feedforward component to smooth the connection to the grid, as well as to improve the steady-state and transient characteristics of the controller. State feedback controllers are proposed to replace the proportional-integral controllers on both the rotor and grid sides. The proposed controller is designed using a multivariable system and feedforward control for input reference and incorporating disturbances into the control equations for fast synchronization and transient responses. To demonstrate the advantages of this controller, experimental studies are presented for both the transient and steady states.