Synthesis of Bisphenol A Based Phosphazene-Containing Epoxy Resin with Reduced Viscosity

Abstract

Phosphazene-containing epoxy oligomers (PEO) were synthesized by the interaction of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCP), phenol, and bisphenol A in a medium of excess of epichlorohydrin using potassium carbonate and hydroxide as HCl acceptors with the aim of obtaining a product with lower viscosity and higher phosphazene content. PEOs are mixtures of epoxycyclophosphazene (ECP) and a conventional organic epoxy resin based on bisphenol A in an amount controlled by the ratio of the initial mono- and diphenol. According to 31P NMR spectroscopy, pentasubstituted aryloxycyclotrophosphazene compounds predominate in the ECP composition. The relative content in the ECP radicals of mono- and diphenol was determined by the MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry method. The organic epoxy fraction, according to gas chromatograpy-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), contains 50–70 wt % diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A. PEO resins obtained in the present work have reduced viscosity when compared to other known phosphazene-containging epoxy resins while phosphazene content is still about 50 wt %. Resins with an epoxy number within 12–17 wt %, are cured by conventional curing agents to form compositions with flame-retardant properties, while other characteristics of these compositions are at the level of conventional epoxy materials.