Quantum Advantage of Thermal Machines with Bose and Fermi Gases

Author:

Sur Saikat1ORCID,Ghosh Arnab2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel

2. Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India

Abstract

In this article, we show that a quantum gas, a collection of massive, non-interacting, indistinguishable quantum particles, can be realized as a thermodynamic machine as an artifact of energy quantization and, hence, bears no classical analog. Such a thermodynamic machine depends on the statistics of the particles, the chemical potential, and the spatial dimension of the system. Our detailed analysis demonstrates the fundamental features of quantum Stirling cycles, from the viewpoint of particle statistics and system dimensions, that helps us to realize desired quantum heat engines and refrigerators by exploiting the role of quantum statistical mechanics. In particular, a clear distinction between the behavior of a Fermi gas and a Bose gas is observed in one dimension, rather than in higher dimensions, solely due to the innate differences in their particle statistics indicating the conspicuous role of a quantum thermodynamic signature in lower dimensions.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy

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