1. School of Liberal Arts, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 172 Gongreung dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
2. Department of Public Administration, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
3. Department of Public Policy and Leadership, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
4. College of Business and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
5. Local Governance Research Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32303, USA