Analysis of the National Annual Emission of Pollutants from Road Transport in Poland in the Years 1990–2020
Author:
Szczepański Krystian1ORCID, Bebkiewicz Katarzyna2, Chłopek Zdzisław2ORCID, Sar Hubert3ORCID, Zakrzewska Dagna2ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Institute of Environmental Protection–National Research Institute, 5/11D Krucza Str., 00-548 Warsaw, Poland 2. The National Centre for Emissions Management (KOBiZE), Institute of Environmental Protection–National Research Institute, 32 Słowicza Str., 02-170 Warsaw, Poland 3. Institute of Vehicles and Construction Machinery Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 84 Narbutta Str., 02-524 Warsaw, Poland
Abstract
This article presents the official results of the inventory of pollutants in Poland from road transport, developed in the National Centre for Emissions Management of the Institute of Environmental Protection–National Research Institute in Warsaw as part of the reporting of national pollutant emissions. Considerations concern pollutants harmful to the health of living organisms. Source information is available in official reports. The national emission of pollutants covers the years of balancing 1990–2020. The aim of the work is to assess the dynamic properties of the processes of national emission of pollutants. The list of substances whose emission is examined in the article is consistent with the list of substances in accordance with the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme/European Environment Agency (EMEP/EEA) procedure. These are pollutants harmful to the health of living organisms. The inventory of pollutants contributing to the intensification of the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere is carried out as part of separate reports. The energy consumption of road vehicles was presented. The ratio of national annual emissions of pollutants in 2020 and in 1990 is the lowest for sulfur oxides and lead, followed by non-methane volatile organic compounds and carbon monoxide. The analysis of the national pollutant emission concerned the energy emission factor, which characterizes the ecological level of the accumulated category of road vehicles. This is an original element, not seen before in world literature and official reports of research institutes. An unambiguous trend of decreasing the energy emission factor of pollutants, apart from ammonia, was found, which is related to the use of catalytic flue gas purification systems. This is confirmed by the analysis of the ratio of the energy emission factor in 2020 and 1990, as well as the relative derivative of the energy emission factor in relation to the national annual emission of pollutants.
Funder
Institute of Environmental Protection—National Research Institute
Subject
Energy (miscellaneous),Energy Engineering and Power Technology,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment,Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Control and Optimization,Engineering (miscellaneous),Building and Construction
Reference33 articles.
1. (2023, March 17). Directive (EU) 2016/2284 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2016 on the Reduction of National Emissions of Certain Atmospheric Pollutants, Amending Directive 2003/35/EC and Repealing Directive 2001/81/EC. Available online: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32016L2284&from=PL. 2. European Environment Agency (2021, February 26). EMEP/EEA Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Guidebook 2019. Available online: https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2019. 3. European Environment Agency (2023, March 17). Transport and Environment Report 2021. Available online: https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/transport-and-environment-report-2021. 4. Doumbia, M., Kouassi, A.A., Silué, S., Yoboué, V., Liousse, C., Diedhiou, A., Touré, N.E., Keita, S., Assamoi, E.-M., and Bamba, A. (2021). Road Traffic Emission Inventory in an Urban Zone of West Africa: Case of Yopougon City (Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire). Energies, 14. 5. Downscaling National Road Transport Emission to Street Level: A Case Study in Dublin, Ireland;Alam;J. Clean. Prod.,2018
|
|