Exergy-Based Improvements of Sustainable Aviation Fuels: Comparing Biorefinery Pathways

Author:

Silva Ortiz Pablo1ORCID,de Oliveira Silvio2,Mariano Adriano Pinto3ORCID,Jocher Agnes1ORCID,Posada John4ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany

2. Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil

3. Faculdade de Engenharia Quimica, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-852, Brazil

4. Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology (TUDELFT), 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands

Abstract

The aeronautical sector faces challenges in meeting its net-zero ambition by 2050. To achieve this target, much effort has been devoted to exploring sustainable aviation fuels (SAF). Accordingly, we evaluated the technical performance of potential SAF production in an integrated first- and second-generation sugarcane biorefinery focusing on Brazil. The CO2 equivalent and the renewability exergy indexes were used to assess environmental performance and impact throughout the supply chain. In addition, exergy efficiency (ηB) and average unitary exergy costs (AUEC) were used as complementary metrics to carry out a multi-criteria approach to determine the overall performance of the biorefinery pathways. The production capacity assumed for this analysis covers 10% of the fuel demand in 2020 at the international Brazilian airports of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, leading to a base capacity of 210 kt jet fuel/y. The process design includes sugarcane bagasse and straw as the feedstock of the biochemical processes, including diverse pre-treatment methods to convert lignocellulosic resources to biojet fuel, and lignin upgrade alternatives (cogeneration, fast pyrolysis, and gasification Fischer-Tropsch). The environmental analysis for all scenarios shows a GHG reduction potential due to a decrease of up to 30% in the CO2 equivalent exergy base emissions compared to fossil-based jet fuel.

Funder

CNPq

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference34 articles.

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2. IATA (2023, May 18). Our Commitment to Fly Net Zero by 2050, (n.d.). Available online: https://www.iata.org/en/programs/environment/flynetzero/.

3. Bio-jet fuel conversion technologies;Wang;Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev.,2016

4. Castro, F.I.G., and Gutiérrez-Antonio, C. (2022). Biofuels and Biorefining, Elsevier.

5. Renewable jet fuel supply scenarios in the European Union in 2021–2030 in the context of proposed biofuel policy and competing biomass demand;Londo;GCB Bioenergy,2018

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