Dermoscopic Features of Acute, Subacute, Chronic and Intermittent Subtypes of Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus in Caucasians

Abstract

Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is divided into the following four clinical subtypes: acute CLE (ACLE), subacute (SCLE), chronic CLE (CCLE) and lupus erythematosus tumidus (LET). The aim of this study was to describe the dermoscopic patterns of CLE by clinical variant. A total of 54 Caucasian patients from Poland (ACLE = 10; SCLE = 11; CCLE = 26; LET = 7) were included. The predefined parameters for dermoscopic assessment in inflammatory dermatoses were analyzed separately by two dermatologists. Under dermoscopy, all the variants of CLE showed predominantly polymorphous vessels on a pink–red background within the lesional skin. Dotted vessels, in association with other vessel morphologies, were observed more frequently in SCLE than in the other subtypes of CLE, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.07). The findings associated with hair follicles, including rosettes (p = 0.02), follicular plugs (p = 0.01), follicular red dots (p < 0.01), perifollicular white halos (p < 0.01) and dermoscopic features corresponding to scarring, including white (p = 0.01) and pink (p < 0.01) structureless areas, were significantly more common in CCLE than in other variants of CLE. A lack of scaling, pigmentation, erosions and crusting were observed in all the cases of LET. The role of dermoscopy as an auxiliary tool in the differential diagnosis of CLE needs further elucidation.