Towards the Human–Machine Interaction: Strategies, Design, and Human Reliability Assessment of Crews’ Response to Daily Cargo Ship Navigation Tasks

Abstract

Human error is a crucial factor leading to maritime traffic accidents. The effect of human–computer interaction (HCI) also plays a leading role in human error. The objective of this study is to propose a method of interaction strategies based on a cognitive-processing model in crews’ daily navigation tasks. A knowledge-based ship HCI framework architecture is established. It provides an extensible framework for the HCI process in the maritime domain. By focusing on the cognitive process of a crew in the context of accident and risk handling during ship navigation, based on the information, decision, and action in crew context (IDAC) model, in combination with the maritime accident dynamics simulation (MADS) system, the MADS-IDAC system was developed and enhanced by the HCI structure and function design of the dynamic risk analysis platform for maritime management. The results indicate that MADS enhanced by HCI can effectively generate a strategy set of various outcomes in preset scenarios. Moreover, it provides a new method and thought for avoiding human error in crew interaction and to lower the risk of ship collision as well as effectively improving the reliability of HCI.