Enhancing the Properties of Cement Composites Using Granulated Hemp Shive Aggregates

Abstract

In recent years, civil engineers have been exploring innovative methods of constructing buildings using environmentally friendly materials. The beneficial properties of hemp harl, an agricultural waste that is gaining popularity in construction, prompted the idea of strengthening its properties through the granulation process and using it as an aggregate in cement composites. This work aimed to investigate whether the use of hemp husk in the form of granules would have a positive effect on the properties of cement composites compared to their traditional form (stems). Potato starch was introduced as an additional factor in the granulation process to improve the material. Experimental tests were carried out on organic fillers, fresh mixtures, and hardened composites. Physical, mechanical, and structural tests (SEM imaging) were carried out. The highest strength was demonstrated by samples containing hemp shive aggregate (1.186 MPa), while the use of hemp shives in the form of granules had a positive effect on the consistency and density, and it also reduced water absorption by 30% during the production of the composite. The apparent density of composites with hemp shives in the form of hemp pellets was higher (1042 ÷ 1506 kg/m3) than in the case of composites with shives in the form of harl (727 ÷ 1160 kg/m3). Nevertheless, hemp shive in both forms can be used as a natural aggregate in cement composites.