Malondialdehyde Serum Levels in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis Relate to Dyslipidemia and Low Ventricular Ejection Fraction

Author:

Ibrahim-Achi Zeina1,Jorge-Pérez Pablo2,Abreu-González Pedro3,López-Mejías Raquel4,Martín-González Candelaria5ORCID,González-Gay Miguel6ORCID,Ferraz-Amaro Iván57ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Division of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Tenerife, Spain

2. Division of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Tenerife, Spain

3. Unit of Physiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of La Laguna, 38200 Tenerife, Spain

4. Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, 39011 Santander, Spain

5. Department of Internal Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38200 Tenerife, Spain

6. Division of Rheumatology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain

7. Division of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Tenerife, Spain

Abstract

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic disease characterized by vasculopathy with the involvement of dysfunctional microcirculatory vessels. Features of the disease include progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs and systemic inflammation characterized by the presence of circulating autoantibodies and proinflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, macrovascular disease and atherosclerosis are more common in patients with SSc than in the general population. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the development of several processes, including endothelial dysfunction, cancer, inflammation, and atherogenesis. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a well-established marker of oxidative stress. In this work, we have analyzed the relationship between serum MDA levels and clinical, laboratory, and vascular characteristics in a well-characterized cohort of 53 patients with SSc. A multivariable analysis was performed to study the relationship between circulating MDA and disease characteristics in patients with SSc. Cardiovascular assessment was also performed, including ultrasonography of the carotid and aorta, and echocardiography. MDA showed a significant and positive relationship with the serum levels of lipid profile molecules such as total cholesterol (β coefficient = 0.006 (95% CI: 0.0004 to 0.01), nmol/mL, p = 0.037) and LDL cholesterol (β coefficient = 0.008 (95% CI: 0.001 to 0.01) nmol/mL, p = 0.017). On the contrary, most manifestations of the disease, including skin, lung, and joint involvement, as well as the presence of digital ulcers, were not related to MDA. However, high MDA levels were significantly and independently associated with lower ventricular ejection fraction after adjustment for covariates (β coefficient = −0.04 (95% CI: −0.06 to −0.02), nmol/mL, p = 0.001). In conclusion, serum MDA levels were related to higher levels of total and LDL cholesterol and a lower left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with SSc. MDA could serve as a potential biomarker of dyslipidemia and heart failure in SSc.

Funder

Spanish Ministry of Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Cell Biology,Clinical Biochemistry,Molecular Biology,Biochemistry,Physiology

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