Affiliation:
1. Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
Abstract
Aging is a gradual process that occurs over time which leads to a progressive decline of cells and tissues. Telomere shortening, genetic instability, epigenetic alteration, and the accumulation of misfolded proteins represent the main hallmarks that cause perturbed cellular functions; this occurs in conjunction with the progression of the so-called “aging clocks”. Rejuvenation aims to influence the natural evolution of such aging clocks and to enhance regenerative capacity, thus overcoming the limitations of common anti-aging interventions. Current rejuvenation processes are based on heterochronic parabiosis, cell damage dilution through asymmetrical cell division, the excretion of extracellular vesicles, the modulation of genetic instability involving G-quadruplexes and DNA methylation, and cell reprogramming using Yamanaka factors and the actions of antioxidant species. In this context, we reviewed the most recent contributions that report on small molecules acting as senotherapeutics; these molecules act by promoting one or more of the abovementioned processes. Candidate drugs and natural compounds that are being studied as potential rejuvenation therapies act by interfering with CDGSH iron-sulfur domain 2 (CISD2) expression, G-quadruplex structures, DNA methylation, and mitochondrial decay. Moreover, direct and indirect antioxidants have been reported to counteract or revert aging through a combination of mixed mechanisms.
Subject
Cell Biology,Clinical Biochemistry,Molecular Biology,Biochemistry,Physiology
Reference83 articles.
1. Multi-omic rejuvenation of human cells by maturation phase transient reprogramming;Gill;eLife,2022
2. The Hallmarks of Aging;Blasco;Cell,2013
3. Bjørklund, G., Shanaida, M., Lysiuk, R., Butnariu, M., Peana, M., Sarac, I., Strus, O., Smetanina, K., and Chirumbolo, S. (2022). Natural Compounds and Products from an Anti-Aging Perspective. Molecules, 27.
4. The aging clock: Circadian rhythms and later life;Hood;J. Clin. Investig.,2017
5. Emerging rejuvenation strategies—Reducing the biological age;Zhang;Aging Cell,2022
Cited by
2 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献