Plasma Fatty Acid Composition, Oxidative and Inflammatory Status, and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet of Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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Published:2023-08-03
Issue:8
Volume:12
Page:1554
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ISSN:2076-3921
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Container-title:Antioxidants
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Antioxidants
Author:
Monserrat-Mesquida Margalida123ORCID, Quetglas-Llabrés Maria Magdalena123ORCID, Bouzas Cristina123, Pastor Oscar4, Ugarriza Lucía1235, Llompart Isabel1236, Cevallos-Ibarra Karla4, Sureda Antoni123ORCID, Tur Josep A.123ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain 2. CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain 3. Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain 4. Service of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal-IRYCIS, E-28023 Madrid, Spain 5. C.S. Camp Redó, IBSalut, E-07010 Palma de Mallorca, Spain 6. Clinical Analysis Service, University Hospital Son Espases, E-07198 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a complex and increasingly prevalent cardiometabolic disorder worldwide. As of today, NAFLD is a pathology without specific pharmacological treatment, with the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) being the most widely used approach for its management. The objective of this study is to assess the effects of adherence to the Mediterranean diet on fatty acid plasma levels, as well as on the oxidative and inflammatory status of NAFLD patients. A total of 100 adult patients (40–60 years old) diagnosed with NAFLD and from the Balearic Islands, Spain, were classified into three groups according to their adherence to the MedDiet. Consumption was assessed using a validated 143-item semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Food items (g/day) were categorised according to their processing using the NOVA system. Anthropometrics, blood pressure, aminotransferases, Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), inflammatory biomarkers, and fatty acid levels were measured in the plasma of NAFLD patients. High adherence to the MedDiet is associated to a highly plant-based diet, low ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption, low intake of dietary lipids, low intake of animal fats, high intake of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA; mainly palmitoleic acid), low intake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs; practically all dietary SFAs), low intake of trans-fatty acids, high intake of omega-3 fatty acids (mainly eicosapentaenoic acid), a higher n-6:n-3 in ratio, low intake of omega-6 fatty acids, and a low level of interleukin-6 (IL-6). High adherence to the MedDiet is related to a better fatty acid profile in the plasma, fewer SFAs and more MUFA and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), a plasma biochemical profile, better proinflammatory status, and decreased ultra-processed food consumption of NAFLD patients.
Funder
Fundació La Marató TV3 Instituto de Salud Carlos III European Regional Development Fund
Subject
Cell Biology,Clinical Biochemistry,Molecular Biology,Biochemistry,Physiology
Reference68 articles.
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