Advancements in Synthetic Generation of Contactless Palmprint Biometrics Using StyleGAN Models

Abstract

Deep learning models have demonstrated significant advantages over traditional algorithms in image processing tasks like object detection. However, a large amount of data are needed to train such deep networks, which limits their application to tasks such as biometric recognition that require more training samples for each class (i.e., each individual). Researchers developing such complex systems rely on real biometric data, which raises privacy concerns and is restricted by the availability of extensive, varied datasets. This paper proposes a generative adversarial network (GAN)-based solution to produce training data (palm images) for improved biometric (palmprint-based) recognition systems. We investigate the performance of the most recent StyleGAN models in generating a thorough contactless palm image dataset for application in biometric research. Training on publicly available H-PolyU and IIDT palmprint databases, a total of 4839 images were generated using StyleGAN models. SIFT (Scale-Invariant Feature Transform) was used to find uniqueness and features at different sizes and angles, which showed a similarity score of 16.12% with the most recent StyleGAN3-based model. For the regions of interest (ROIs) in both the palm and finger, the average similarity scores were 17.85%. We present the Frechet Inception Distance (FID) of the proposed model, which achieved a 16.1 score, demonstrating significant performance. These results demonstrated StyleGAN as effective in producing unique synthetic biometric images.