Evaluation of Wheat Genotypes under Water Regimes Using Hyperspectral Reflectance and Agro-Physiological Parameters via Genotype by Yield*Trait Approaches in Sakha Station, Delta, Egypt
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Published:2023-06-30
Issue:7
Volume:13
Page:1338
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ISSN:2077-0472
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Container-title:Agriculture
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Agriculture
Author:
Darwish Mohamed1, Elkot Ahmed1, Elfanah Ahmed12ORCID, Selim Adel3, Yassin Mohamed1, Abomarzoka Elsayed4, El-Maghraby Maher1, Rebouh Nazih5ORCID, Ali Abdelraouf35ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Wheat Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt 2. Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China 3. National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS), Elnozha El-Gedidah, Cairo 11843, Egypt 4. Crop Physiology Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt 5. Department of Environmental Management, RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia
Abstract
Drought is an environmental abiotic stress that diminishes wheat production worldwide. In the present study, we evaluated fifty bread wheat genotypes (arranged in alpha lattice design) under two main water regimes, water-deficit (two surface irrigations) and well-watered (four irrigations), at different sites in two consecutive cropping seasons, 2019/20 and 2020/21. To identify the drought-tolerant genotypes, utilized several selection/phenotyping criteria, including agronomic traits, e.g., grain yield (GY) and yield components (SM); physiological parameters such as canopy temperature (CT), leaf transpiration rate (TRN), intercellular CO2 concentration (INCO); spectral reflectance indices, e.g., Leaf Chlorophyll Index (LCI), curvature index (CI), and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI); and stress tolerance indices (STI) were determined concurrently with the grain yield. The results revealed significant differences (p ≤ 0.01) among the environments, genotypes, and their interaction for grain yield (GY), days to heading (DH), days to maturity (DM), grain filling period (GFP), grain filling rate (GFR), Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), plant height (PH), and spikes per square meter (SM). The genotype plus genotype by environment (GGE) and genotype by yield*trait (GYT) biplot techniques indicated that Genotype 37 (Sakha 95) and Genotype 45 performed best under well-watered and water-deficit environments. Furthermore, the same genotypes were the best from the genotype by stress tolerance indices (GSTI) approach view. Genotype 37 (Sakha 95) was superior to the GYT selection method, with physiological parameters and spectral reflectance indices. Likewise, we can identify this genotype as low-water-tolerant based on GSTI, GYT, and SRI results and recommend involving it in the drought breeding program.
Subject
Plant Science,Agronomy and Crop Science,Food Science
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