Ochratoxin A and Aflatoxin B1 Detection in Laying Hens for Omega 3-Enriched Eggs Production

Abstract

Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungal species that usually contaminate foods and feeds. Their lipophilic properties allow them to persist in the fat tissues of animals that ingest them, representing a risk for the consumers because of their toxicity and carcinogenicity. Apart from their toxicity to humans, there are species more susceptible to the mycotoxin actions, such as the avian ones. This report describes a case in a laying hen farm certified as antibiotic-free, where animals were fed with foodstuff with linseed added to obtain eggs enriched in omega-3 fat acids. In this case, the concurrent action of aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A caused a significant decrease in production and an increase in mortality. At pathologic examinations, the animals showed severe kidney degeneration along with liver lesions. The ovary and oviduct were hypoplastic, and evident signs of anemia were observed. Aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A were detected by HPLC in foodstuff with the addition of linseed and in organs. This case wants to drive attention to the importance of a careful check of the feedstuff to be used in poultry farms with a quality-oriented production, in order to avoid contaminations that can harm both animal welfare and public health.