Experimental Analysis and Simulation of a Porous Absorbing Layer for Noise Barriers

Abstract

Noise barriers are common noise mitigation measures usually implemented near roads or railways, with proven efficiency. This work presents a study of a porous concrete material incorporating expanded clay as aggregate, to be used on the sound-absorption layer of noise barriers. A theoretical material model is calibrated using experimental data and then used to estimate the diffuse field sound absorption from the normal incidence sound absorption estimation/measurement. Validation of such estimation is performed by comparing to reverberant room measurements. Numerical simulations are carried out using the boundary element method (BEM) and the CNOSSOS-EU calculation method to assess the performance of different types of barriers incorporating this material. L-shaped and vertical barriers are tested, as well as low-height and conventional (taller) barriers, employed in the context of a railway noise scenario. Different results are obtained by the two methods, mainly due to the different underlying physical principles. Good insertion loss values may be obtained using both conventional and low-height noise barriers together with the porous concrete material if a careful choice of its location within the barrier is made.