A Finite Element Analysis Model-Based Study on the Effect of the Frame on Membrane Stresses in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Abstract

The frame of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) has an important impact on durability and reliability of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). In this study, the finite element analysis method has been used to build a two-dimensional model that can quickly screen and compare different frame structures and improve the design. Simulation results show that the membrane in the gap between the frame and the active area will generate a large amount of stress, close to the yield strength of the membrane under this condition, after application of the pressure difference. Further, an appropriate frame structure can improve the structural consistency between the frame and the area with moving materials, reduce membrane stress and improve reliability. The problem of stress concentration on the membrane at the joint area is solved by introducing a double-layer frame structure to limit membrane deformation. Hence, this can effectively alleviate the impact of the gap at the joint area and improve the durability of MEA.