Finite Element Modelling of a Synthetic Paediatric Spine for Biomechanical Investigation

Author:

Muhayudin Nor Amalina1,Basaruddin Khairul Salleh12ORCID,Ijaz Muhammad Farzik34ORCID,Daud Ruslizam12

Affiliation:

1. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Pauh Putra Campus, Arau 02600, Malaysia

2. Sports Engineering Research Centre (SERC), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia

3. Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia

4. King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh 11614, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Studies on paediatric spines commonly use human adult or immature porcine spines as specimens, because it is difficult to obtain actual paediatric specimens. There are quite obvious differences, such as geometry, size, bone morphology, and orientation of facet joint for these specimens, compared to paediatric spine. Hence, development of synthetic models that can behave similarly to actual paediatric spines, particularly in term of range of motion (ROM), could provide a significant contribution for paediatric spine research. This study aims to develop a synthetic paediatric spine using finite element modelling and evaluate the reliability of the model by comparing it with the experimental data under certain load conditions. The ROM of the paediatric spine was measured using a validated FE model at ±0.5 Nm moment in order to determine the moment required by the synthetic spine to achieve the same ROM. The results showed that the synthetic spine required two moments, ±2 Nm for lateral-bending and axial rotation, and ±3 Nm for flexion-extension, to obtain the paediatric ROM. The synthetic spine was shown to be stiffer in flexion-extension but more flexible in lateral bending than the paediatric FE model, possibly as a result of the intervertebral disc’s simplified shape and the disc’s weak bonding with the vertebrae. Nevertheless, the synthetic paediatric spine has promising potential in the future as an alternative paediatric spine model for biomechanical investigation of paediatric cases.

Funder

King Salman Center For Disability Research

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Materials Science

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