Bifurcation and Multiplicity of Solutions of the Navier–Stokes Equations in Driven Semi-Elliptical Cavity Flow

Abstract

In this paper, bifurcations in the solution of the Navier–Stokes equations are studied and multiple solutions of the driven semi-elliptical cavity flow are presented. The two-dimensional steady incompressible driven viscous flow in a semi-elliptical cavity is solved numerically. To this end, the problem is formulated using an elliptic coordinate system that transforms the geometry conformally and provides a body fitted coordinate system. The presented results show that above a bifurcation Reynolds number the solution of the governing flow equations bifurcates and there exist multiple solutions for a particular Reynolds number when the aspect ratio of the semi-elliptical cavity geometry is 0.26 ⩽D⩽ 0.8. The bifurcation Reynolds numbers for different aspect ratios and also multiple solutions at different Reynolds numbers are presented in detail.