Affiliation:
1. State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
Abstract
Autonomous navigation using the GNSS has been increasingly used in lunar exploration missions, as it is considered an efficient method for spacecraft to operate without relying on ground facilities. However, so far, only GPS and Galileo have been studied and implemented in lunar missions, whereas the potential of BDS-3 for such missions remains largely unexplored. This paper presents an analysis and evaluation of the navigation service capabilities for spacecraft at lunar altitudes by utilizing existing GNSS satellite resources in orbit. In detail, we investigate the number of GNSS signals received by low lunar orbit (LLO) receivers, as well as the carrier-to-noise ratio (C/N0), Doppler shift, and geometric dilution of precision (GDOP) of the received signal. Additionally, a digital intermediate frequency (IF) signal simulation program to emulate the BDS B1I signal is utilized, which allows to freely set the carrier-to-noise ratio, Doppler shift, and code phase. Based on this framework, we discussed a high-sensitivity BDS B1I signal receiver and validated its performance with simulated signals. We verified the capabilities of coherent integration, non-coherent integration, differential integration, and semi-bit methods to detect weak BDS B1I signals in a lunar environment. The results indicate that the semi-bit coherent differential integration method is still capable of acquiring signals at a C/N0 of 15 dB-Hz and can effectively suppress the navigation data bit sign transition.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province
Central Guided Local Science and Technology Development Special Project
Medium- and Long-term Scientific and Technological Planning Projects for Radio, Television and Audio-Visual Networks
Special Fund of Hubei Luojia Laboratory
Subject
General Earth and Planetary Sciences
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