Formulation Development and Ex-Vivo Permeability of Curcumin Hydrogels under the Influence of Natural Chemical Enhancers

Abstract

Background: The aim of the present research was to formulate and evaluate curcumin hydrogel and to investigate the potential of natural essential oils as permeation enhancers. Methods: Curcumin 2% w/w hydrogel containing various concentrations of eucalyptus oil, aloe vera oil and clove oil was developed using carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) as a gelling agent. Differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy were used to evaluate the compatibility between the drug and the excipients. In order to assess the efficacy of the formulation; rheological properties, skin irritation studies, in vitro release, ex vivo permeation and retention studies were conducted. Results: DSC and FTIR suggest no in-compatibility between curcumin and excipients. Studies proved that addition of suitable natural permeation enhancers to the hydrogels improved the in vitro release and ex vivo permeation and retention of curcumin. From the various natural essential oils, the aloe vera oil at a concentration of 3% w/w had the greatest effect on the permeability rate and skin retention of the Curcumin and produces the highest enhancement ratio amongst all the concentrations of essential oils examined. Conclusion: Aloe vera oil enhances the permeation of curcumin across the skin by altering the complex structure of the stratum corneum without itself undergoing any change. The developed curcumin hydrogels along with natural essential oils may present an effective choice regarding skin infection/wound healing.