Exploring Quantum Geometry Created by Quantum Matter

Abstract

Exactly soluble models can serve as excellent tools to explore conceptual issues in non-perturbative quantum gravity. In perturbative approaches, it is only the two radiative modes of the linearized gravitational field that are quantized. The goal of this investigation is to probe the ‘Coulombic’ aspects of quantum geometry that are governed entirely by matter sources. Since there are no gravitational waves in three dimensions, 3-dimensional (3-d) gravity coupled to matter provides an ideal arena for this task. The analysis presented here reveals novel aspects of quantum gravity that bring out limitations of classical and semi-classical theories in unforeseen regimes: non-linearities of general relativity can magnify small quantum fluctuations in the matter sector to large effects in the gravitational sector. Finally, this analysis leads to thought experiments that bring out rather starkly why understanding of the nature of physical reality depends sensitively on the theoretical lens with which it is probed. As theories become richer, new scales emerge, triggering novel effects that could not be imagined before. The model provides a concise realization of this well-known chain.