Affiliation:
1. Unit of Environmental Science & Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zographou Campus, GR-15780 Athens, Greece
2. Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
Abstract
Two-phase olive pomace is a byproduct of the olive-oil extraction process that is sometimes processed further to recover more oil. During pomace oil production, especially in the early stages of olive processing, odours can be produced. These odours are a serious nuisance, especially in and around the processing facilities, as well as for nearby communities. These odours can be strong and unpleasant, and they may result in various issues, including environmental concerns. Thus, in this paper, the effect of storage and drying on the composition of two-phase olive pomace was investigated. Several physicochemical and instrumental analyses were performed, and it was concluded that the structural elements of pomace are not the ones that are affected during storage and drying. Storage and drying mainly impact the oil content of pomace, leading to an acidity increase and to the production of odorous oxidation compounds. Volatile acids, methyl, and ethyl esters are released into the atmosphere, thus causing serious environmental nuisance.
Funder
Regional Development Fund of the Region of Peloponnese.
Subject
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment,Geography, Planning and Development,Building and Construction
Reference39 articles.
1. Statista (2023, August 05). Production Volume of Olive Oil Worldwide from 2012/13 to 2022/23. Available online: https://www.statista.com/statistics/613466/olive-oil-production-volume-worldwide/.
2. Olive oil times (2023, July 04). Europe Confirms Steep Decline in Olive Oil Production. Available online: https://www.oliveoiltimes.com/production/europe-confirms-steep-decline-in-olive-oil-production/122348.
3. International Olive Council (2023, September 11). The World of Olive Oil, Available online: https://www.internationaloliveoil.org/the-world-of-olive-oil/.
4. Optimization of olive growing practices in Spain from a life cycle assessment perspective;J. Clean. Prod.,2017
5. Palazzo, A.L., and Aristone, O. (2017). Peri-urban matters. changing olive growing patterns in central Italy. Sustainability, 9.