Dietary Pectin from Premna microphylla Turcz Leaves Prevents Obesity by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Lipid Metabolism in Mice Fed High-Fat Diet

Abstract

The present study was designed to investigate the protective effects of pectin extracted from Premna microphylla Turcz leaves (PTP) against high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced lipid metabolism disorders and gut microbiota dysbiosis in obese mice. PTP was made using the acid extraction method, and it was found to be an acidic pectin that had relative mole percentages of 32.1%, 29.2%, and 26.2% for galacturonic acid, arabinose, and galactose, respectively. The administration of PTP in C57BL/6J mice inhibited the HFD-induced abnormal weight gain, visceral obesity, and dyslipidemia, and also improved insulin sensitivity, as revealed by the improved insulin tolerance and the decreased glucose levels during an insulin sensitivity test. These effects were linked to increased energy expenditure, as demonstrated by the upregulation of thermogenesis-related protein UCP1 expression in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) of PTP-treated mice. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that PTP dramatically improved the HFD-induced gut dysbiosis by lowering the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes and the quantity of potentially harmful bacteria. These findings may provide a theoretical basis for us to understand the functions and usages of PTP in alleviating obesity.