Water-Soluble Saccharina latissima Polysaccharides and Relation of Their Structural Characteristics with In Vitro Immunostimulatory and Hypocholesterolemic Activities

Author:

Moreira Ana S. P.1,Gaspar Diana1ORCID,Ferreira Sónia S.1ORCID,Correia Alexandra23ORCID,Vilanova Manuel23,Perrineau Marie-Mathilde4,Kerrison Philip D.45,Gachon Claire M. M.46,Domingues Maria Rosário17ORCID,Coimbra Manuel A.1ORCID,Coreta-Gomes Filipe M.18ORCID,Nunes Cláudia9ORCID

Affiliation:

1. LAQV-REQUIMTE—Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal

2. i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health and IBMC—Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal

3. ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal

4. Scottish Association for Marine Sciences, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban PA37 1QA, UK

5. Hortimare BV, Altonstraat 25A, 1704 CC Heerhugowaard, The Netherlands

6. Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-Organismes (UMR 7245), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 75005 Paris, France

7. CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal

8. CQC-IMS—Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Institute of Molecular Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal

9. CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal

Abstract

Brown macroalgae are an important source of polysaccharides, mainly fucose-containing sulphated polysaccharides (FCSPs), associated with several biological activities. However, the structural diversity and structure–function relationships for their bioactivities are still undisclosed. Thus, the aim of this work was to characterize the chemical structure of water-soluble Saccharina latissima polysaccharides and evaluate their immunostimulatory and hypocholesterolemic activities, helping to pinpoint a structure–activity relationship. Alginate, laminarans (F1, neutral glucose-rich polysaccharides), and two fractions (F2 and F3) of FCSPs (negatively charged) were studied. Whereas F2 is rich in uronic acids (45 mol%) and fucose (29 mol%), F3 is rich in fucose (59 mol%) and galactose (21 mol%). These two fractions of FCSPs showed immunostimulatory activity on B lymphocytes, which could be associated with the presence of sulphate groups. Only F2 exhibited a significant effect in reductions in in vitro cholesterol’s bioaccessibility attributed to the sequestration of bile salts. Therefore, S. latissima FCSPs were shown to have potential as immunostimulatory and hypocholesterolemic functional ingredients, where their content in uronic acids and sulphation seem to be relevant for the bioactive and healthy properties.

Funder

European Union

national funds

FCT/MCT

CICECO

CESAM

RNEM—Portuguese Mass Spectrometry Network

National Funds

LAQV-REQUIMTE

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Drug Discovery,Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous),Pharmaceutical Science

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