Urban Water Consumption: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

The study and analysis of urban water consumption habits in different regions contribute to the development of strategies aimed at secure water reduction and distribution. Within this context, knowledge of global water availability and the analysis of factors that influence consumption in different regions in distinct situations become extremely important. Several studies have been carried out in a number of countries and describe different approaches. The objective of this article is to learn about the strategies used in water consumption forecast and analysis. Most of the studies analysed seek to understand the factors influencing consumption in different building types. When it comes to residential buildings, the number of residents and the influence of economic issues on water consumption have an important role in this matter. In this context, pieces of research present the use of awareness campaigns as a strategy towards water use reduction. As a contribution, this article presents a systemic view of the pieces of research conducted and their contribution to forecasting water consumption in different regions. In conclusion, one observes the importance of analysing the factors influencing water consumption in different regions and scenarios, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic. This article can help managers and researchers understand the main factors that influence water consumption and how this consumption takes place in different regions.